Celiac disease: gluten intolerance and taking care of your health through a gluten-free diet
Gluten and celiac disease: from prolamines to autoimmune response and morbidity growth factors
Celiac kz
Gluten
Gluten is the collective name for various proteins in cereals. Most of the proteins found in foods that are responsible for the immune response in celiac disease are prolamines. Prolamins are found in cereals such as wheat (gliadin), barley (ordein), rye (secalin) and oats (avenin).
The high glutamine content of prolamines ensures their resistance to gastrointestinal proteolytic enzymes. Glutamine is an excellent substrate for deamidation by tissue transglutaminase. Ingestion of gluten by genetically predisposed individuals with HLA type II DQ2/DQ8 alleles may induce a T cell-mediated immune response against tissue transglutaminase, which in turn leads to damage to the small intestinal mucosa and ultimately to intestinal villous atrophy.
The high glutamine content of prolamines ensures their resistance to gastrointestinal proteolytic enzymes. Glutamine is an excellent substrate for deamidation by tissue transglutaminase. Ingestion of gluten by genetically predisposed individuals with HLA type II DQ2/DQ8 alleles may induce a T cell-mediated immune response against tissue transglutaminase, which in turn leads to damage to the small intestinal mucosa and ultimately to intestinal villous atrophy.
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease caused by the toxic effects of gluten on the walls of the small intestine. Consumption of products with gluten entails the formation of antibodies, which results in irritation of the intestinal mucosa, inflammation begins, the villi of the intestinal mucosa atrophy and the function of nutrient absorption is impaired.
What is celiac disease?
Celiac disease
Celiac disease is a disease that occurs due to the bad effects of gluten on our stomach. If we eat food with gluten, our body begins to fight it, irritating the stomach and making it sick. As a result, the small intestine becomes sick, its parts begin to die, and it stops working normally, not absorbing the necessary substances.
Even easier
Reasons for the increase in incidence
The question of the reasons for the explosive growth of celiac disease remains open to scientists. However, perhaps the answer lies in general environmental pollution and changes in diet. The widespread use of gluten, chemical additives and the use of chemicals in cereal production may play a key role.
The Mystery of the Increased Incidence
Genetics and HLA Association: Role of CD4+ T Cells
Prevalence of Celiac Enteropathy: Factors and Challenges
A striking feature of celiac disease is its high heredity and association with HLA carriage. This reflects the important role of CD4+ T cells in the development of the disease. The hypothesis of genetic predisposition is recognized by the World Association of Gastroenterologists.
The widespread prevalence of celiac disease is not only due to an increase in autoimmune diseases and improved diagnostic methods. Difficulties are associated with the variety of symptoms and the presence of refractory forms, which makes timely detection and treatment difficult. The lack of standard recommendations, especially for children, stimulates interest in finding new methods for diagnosing and treating celiac enteropathy.
